മുന്‍വിധി

ap³ hn[nbm \bn¡s¸Sp¶ \oXn]oT§Ä akvXnjvI acWw kw`hn¨ a\pjys\ t]msebmWv. \oXnbpsS Hgp¡v \ne¡pw. ]ucmhImi§fpw P\m[n]Xy hyhØbpsS khntijXbmb kwhmZ km[yXIfpw CÃmXmIpw. kwibmXoX\mb kokdns\ t]mse hn[n\ymb¯nsâ DÅS¡¯n ap³hn[nkv]Àiansöp t_m[ys¸Spt¯­Xv PpUojydnbpsS A\nhmcyXbmWv.

tIcf¯nen¶v PpUojydnsb kw_Ôn¨ kwhmZ§fpw hnhmZ§fpw \nch[nbmWv. `cWLS\bpsS A\ptOZw 246 hniZoIcn¡p¶ A[nImc hn`P\ XXzs¯ A{]kàam¡p¶ Xc¯n tImSXnIÄ s]cpamdp¶psh¶ hnaÀi\w kao]Ime¯v iànbmÀÖn¨n«p­v. PpUojy BIvSnhnkw F¶ t]cn AanXm[nImc {]hWXIÄ, aäpNnet¸mÄ FIvknIyq«ohns\¡mÄ henb FIvknIyq«ohv BIp¶psh¶ hnebncp¯epIÄ. C´y³ PpUojydnsb Nqgv¶p \n¡p¶ AkpJIcamb A´co£w C´y³ P\m[n]Xys¯ Hcp Xc¯nepw iàns¸Sp¯p¶nÃ. atäsXmcp taJebnse¶t]mse AgnaXnbpw PpUojydnsb {Kkn¨ncn¡p¶psh¶ ]T\ dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw \½psS ap¶nep­v. UÂln bqWnthgvknän sshkv Nm³kedmbncp¶ Dt]{µ_£n ]dbp¶Xn§s\bmWv. "" hÀj§fmbn C´y³ \nba hyhØbn hoW Icn\ng amäm³ ASnb´nc \S]SnIÄ A\nhmcyamIp¶p''. No^v PÌnkv Bbncp¶ PÌnkv _dq¨bpw \oXn\ymb hyhØbnse tcmKe£W§sf Nq­n¡mWn¨n«p­v.

1921  Atacn¡³ kp{]owtImSXn No^v PÌnkmbncp¶ _©an³ ImÀUtkm ]dªXv \ymbm[n]sâ ]Ým¯e§fpw kmaqlyho£Whpw hn[n\ymb§fn {]Xn^en¡psa¶mWv. BtKmfh¡cWIme¯v cq]s¸« ss\XnI aqeyt_m[§Ä \oXn]oT§sf {Kkn¨n«pt­m F¶Xns\ kw_Ôn¨ Pohkpä kwhmZw \nbataJetbbpw C´y³ P\m[n]Xyt¯bpw XoÀ¨bmbpw iàns¸Sp¯pw \nba\nÀ½mWthfbn \nba\nÀ½mXm¡fpsS tNtXmhnImchp ambn XmZmXvayw {]m]n¡pt¼mgmWv \oXn\ymb hyhØ¡v P\m[n]Xy kaql¯n HmPÊp­mIp¶Xpw hnizmkamÀÖn¡m\mIp¶Xpw.

ASp¯Ime¯mbn tIcf¯n NÀ¨sN¿s¸« ]ehn[n\ymb§fpw `cWLS\m \nÀ½mXm¡fpsS tNtXmhnImct¯mSv \oXn]peÀ¯p¶XmtWm F¶ Bi¦ AhKWn¡m\mInÃ. B\p]mXnIXXzw A\pkcn¨pÅ bpàn]qÀÆamb \nb{´W§Ä GÀs¸Sp¯pIbà adn¨v ]ucmhImi§sf l\n¡p¶XmWv sXcpthmc§fnse s]mXptbmK§Ä \ntcm[n¨psIm­pÅ hn[nsb¶ hmZapbÀ¶p. sXcphpIfnse P\m[n]Xy kwhmZ§Ä k½m\n¡p¶ Aht_m[w DÄs¡mÅm³ \oXn]oT§Ä¡p Ignbm¯Xn\p ImcWw ImÀUtkm Nq­n¡mWn¨ PUvPnamcpsS ]Ým¯ehpw kmaqlnI ho£Whpw ImcWamImw. A\ptOZw 19 (1) (F) \ÂIp¶ kwkmc kzmX{´yhpw Bib{]IS\ kzmX{´yhpw l\n¡p¶Xmbn B hn[nsb¶ hnaÀi\¯n\v ^e{]Zamb adp]Sn DbÀ¶n«nÃ. `cWIqS¯n\v XethZ\ Hgnhm¡pI F¶Xv \oXn]meIcneqsS `cWIqS§Ä \nÀÆln¡p¶ H¶mWv. tImSXnIÄ `cWIqSs¯bpw ]ucs\bpw Xpey]cnKW\bneqsSbmWv ImtW­sX¶ ASnØm\Xzw A{]kàambm sXcsªSp¸v am{XamWv  P\m[n]XymhnjvImcw F¶ \ne cq]s¸Spw. kzm{ib tImtfPpIÄ¡v A\pIqeamb \nch[n hn[nIfp­mbXv kao]Ime¯mWv. a[y{]tZin kzm{ib kvYm]\§sf \nb{´n¡p¶ kÀ¡mÀ Xocpam\s¯ sslt¡mSXn icnh¨ncp¶p. sIm¨n \Kc¯nse sImXpIp \nÀ½mÀÖ\s¯ kw_Ôn¨ hn[nbpw i_cnaebn \nÀt±in¨ ]cnjvImc§fpw P\§fnepfhm¡nb aXn¸ns\ kw_Ôn¨ Bß]cntim[\ tImSXnIÄ \S¯nbn«pt­m?

tImgnt¡mSv bphP\ t\Xm¡fpsS Pmaymt]£ta tIcf sslt¡mSXn hn[n {]Jym]n¨p. s]mXpapX \ioIcW Ipäw Btcm]n¡s¸Sp¶ tIkpIfnse {]XnIÄ Pmay t_m­ns\m¸w, t]meokv IW¡m¡nb \jvS]cnlmcXpI IqSn sI«nhbv¡Wsa¶XmWv hn[nkmcw. shdpsXhn«m XpI Xncn¨p \ÂIpw. in£n¨m sI«nh¨ XpI kÀ¡mcn\v apX¡q«pw. Hät\m«¯n s]mXpapX kwc£n¡m\pÅ tImSXnbpsS [ocamb BÀÖhsa¶p tXm¶mw. \oXn\ymb hyhØbpsS ASnØm\ {]amW§fnsem¶mWv \nc]cm[nbmsW¶ A\pam\w (Presumtion of innocense) {]XnIfpsS P\vamhImiamsW¶Xv. ChnsS {]kàamIp¶ {]iv\w \jvS]cnlmc XpI Xocpam\n¡p¶Xv  t]meokmWv. {Inan\ \S]Sn {Ia¯n IrXyambn ]dbp¶p Pmay hyhØ Xocpam\n¡p¶Xv tImSXnbmbncn¡Ww. t]meokmIcpsX¶v ChnsS kw`hn¡p¶Xv t]meokv Xocpam\n¡p¶ XpI Pmay¯n\mbn sI«Wsa¶XmWv. hnNmcW¡p ap¼pÅ in£bmbn ]cnKWnt¡­n hcp¶ \n_Ô\bmWnXv. {]kn²amb ta\ImKmÔn tIkn kp{]ow tImSXn IpähmfnbmsW¶v sXfnbn¡msX HcmfpsSbpw ]ucmhImihpw k©mc kzmX{´yhpw l\n¡s¸Sm³ ]mSnsöp Xs¶ AÀ°i¦¡nSbnÃm¯ hn[w hyàam¡nbn«p­v. (ta\ImKmÔn V/s C´y³ bqWnb³ 1978).

{]Xn IpähmfnbÃ. Ipämtcm]nX\mWv. hnNmcWs¡mSphnemWv IpähmfnbmtWmsb¶v XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xv tImSXn hn[nsb tNmZyw sNbvXv ta tImSXnIfpsS A¸o XoÀ¸v hcpw hscbpw {]Xn km[mcW ]uc\mWv. Pmays¯ kw_Ôn¨ ImgvN¸mSv hnNmcW thfIfnepw At\zjW thfbnepw Ipämtcm]nXsâ km¶n[yw Dd¸phcp¯pI F¶XmWv. tem seIvkn¡\pw, hnJymXamb »m¡vkvtem Un£Wdnbpw Pmays¯ hniZoIcn¡p¶Xpw A§s\Xs¶bmWv. Ipämtcm]nX³ km£nIsf kzm[o\n¡mt\m sXfnhp \in¸n¡mt\m CSbps­¶ ImcW¯m Pmaymt]£bn³ta t{]mknIyqj³ XSÊhmZw DbÀ¯mdp­v. At¸mÄ t]mepw {]XnbpsS km¼¯nIamb Ignhn\¸pdapÅ XpI Pmay¯n\mbn sI«Wsa¶Xn\v \oXnIcWap­mIp¶nÃ.

tIcf¯n kÀ¡mdn\v t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶ ]mÀ«nbpsS {]oXn¡pth­n t]meokv kwhn[m\w Zpcp]tbmKs¸Sp¯p¶Xv ]pXnb kw`haÃ. kÀ¡mÀ hncp²kac§sf CÃmXm¡m³ t]meokv X¿mdm¡p¶ sI«pIYbv¡v kam\amb Xnc¡Y  hnNmcWbv¡v ap¼v icnhbv¡s¸Sp¶ AhkvY kzm`mhnI\oXnbpsS IqsS ewL\amIp¶p. asäm¶v Bbnc§Ä AWn \nc¡p¶ {]IS\§fnsem¶n IS¶p Ibdp¶ Hcp ZpjvT _p²n¡v {]t£m` t\XrXzs¯ ZoÀLImew Pbnen\pÅn Xf¨nSm\mIpsa¶XmWv. `oaamb Hcp XpI t]meokv \nÝbn¡pIbpw AXv sI«m\mImsX Hcp ]uc³ Pbnen ASbv¡s¸SpIbpw sN¿pI F¶Xv tÌän\v kpJIcambncn¡psa¦nepw kp{]owtImSXn hn[nIfneqsSbpw `cWLS\bpsS {]kIvX hIp¸pIfneqsSbpw {]Jym]n¡s¸Sp¶ ]ucmhImiþP\m[n]Xy kzmX{´y¯n\v \nc¡p¶XÃ. kÀÆtZiob a\pjy {]Imi{]Jym]\¯nsâ k¯tbmSv \oXn ]peÀ¯p¶XpaÃ.

s]mXpapX \miw sXcphpIfn am{Xw kw`hn¡p¶XÃ. ]ucsâ k©mckzmX{´yw kwc£n¡s¸tS­Xp Xs¶. s]mXpapX A[nImc¯nsâ B\pIqeyap]tbmKn¨v A]lcn¡s¸Sp¶ AgnaXn C¶v \Kv\bmYmÀ°yamWv. sePntɨdnsâbpw FIvknIyq«ohnsâbpw PqUojydnbptSbpw LS\bn kw`hn¡p¶ PoÀ®XIÄ¡v {]Xnhn[nsb´mWv? AgnaXnbneqsS \nIpXn ]Ww ZpÀhybw sN¿s¸SpIbpw sshIp¶ \oXnbneqsS \oXn \nt£[n¡s¸SpIbpw  sN¿p¶Xnsâ km¼¯nI aqeyw BcmWv \nÝbn¡pI? C¯cw A]{`wi§Ä¡v ImcWamhp¶ kmaqlnI bmYmÀ°y§Ä ImWmXncn¡pIbpw  {]t£m`§sfbpw ]ucmhImi§sfbpw bm{´nIambn \nb{´n¡pIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ cq]s¸Sp¶Xv ISp¯ AkwXr]vXnbpw AkzkvYXbpamWv. CXv {]Xn^en¡p¶Xv F§s\bmhpsa¶v {]hNn¡m\mhnÃ. P\m[n]Xy C´ybn tImSXnIÄ {]Xo£bpsS Xpcp¯mWv  AXv A§s\bsö tXm¶Â P\m[n]Xys¯ ZpÀ_es¸Sp¯pw. ImcWw kÀÆm[n]Xy¯nsâ t\cnb \ngens\t¸mepw FXnÀ¡p¶ cm{ãob a\Êv C´y F¶pw Im¡p¶p­v.

kn.]n.Fw.s\ `bamtWm? Fw. hn. PbcmPs\ `bamtWm? \m«n³]pds¯ t]meokv tÌj\n km£n samgn tcJs¸Sp¯m³ F¯nb kmZm km£ntbmSv slUv tIm¬Ì_nÄ tNmZn¨ tNmZyaÃnXv. hnhmZamb "ipw`³' tIm«e£ytIkn hnZKv[ km£nbmbn sslt¡mSXnbnse¯nb kwkvIrX ]ÞnX\pw A[y]I\pamb ]n.hn. \mcmbWt\mSv sslt¡mSXn PUvPn tNmZn¨ tNmZyamWnXv. XnI¨pw Akm[mcWhpw A{]Xo£nXhpambncp¶p Cu tNmZyw.   km£nsamgnbpsS B[nImcnXbpw hnizmkyXbpw t_m[ys¸Sm³ tNmZn¡p¶ BapJ tNmZy§fmbncp¶nà Ch. ipw`³ F¶ hm¡nsâ AÀ°§sf kw_Ôn¨v kwkvIrX {KÙ§fmb [mXp]mTw, [mXpcXv\mIcw, [mXp\ne­p hm¡pIfpsS LS\Isfbpw {]tbmKs¯bpw ]än {]Xn]mZn¡p¶ hmIy]Xnb F¶o kwkvIrX {KÙ§fpw, sFXnlyame, AactImiw, IrjvWKmY F¶nhbpw D²cn¨mWv 16 hÀjs¯ A²ym]I ]cnNbapÅ kwkvIrX kÀÆIemimem doUdmbncp¶ \mcmbW³ amjv tNmZy§Ä¡v D¯cw \ÂInbXv. kwkvIrX ]mWvUnXy¯n km£nsb¡mfpw ap¶nembncp¶XpsIm­msW¦n km£nsamgnsb JWvUn¨psIm­v \S¯nb ]cmaÀiambncp¶psh¦n Akzm`mhnIX D­mIpambncp¶nÃ.   amÀIvknks¯ kw_Ôn¨v C.Fw.Fkn\v Adnhv t]msc¶p ]dª P:lnZmb¯pÅsb HmÀ¯p t]mIp¶p.

Xsâ ]cnKW\bnencn¡p¶ Hcp hnjbs¯ kw_Ôn¨v a\pjymhImi I½oj³ \S¯nb ]cmaÀiw ap³hn[nbÃmsX asä´mWv? {Iakam[m\NpaXebnÃm¯ tlmwKmÀUpIfpÄs¸sS ]ItbmsS hnZymÀ°nIsf XÃp¶Xpw \ne¯pInS¡p¶ hnZymÀ°nIfpsS CSbnte¡v {Kt\Uv Fdnbp¶Xpw DSphkv{X¯n\v Xo]nSn¡p¶Xpw Nm\epIfneqsS I­hcpsS ap¶nte¡mWv hnNmcW¡v apt¼bpÅ hn[n \ymbw hcp¶Xvv. \ymbm[n]À X§fpsS hyànKX ho£W§fpsS CSp§nb NXpc¯n\I¯v \n¶v am{Xw A`n{]mbw ]dbp¶hcmbm `cWLS\bpsS BapJw A{]kàamIpw.  ipw`³ {]tbmK¯n tImSXnbe£yw Is­¯nb \oXn ]oTw "Xn®Rc§nIÄ' {]tbmKt¯mSv ]peÀ¯p¶ au\¯nsâ AÀ°sa´mWv? kp{]ow tImSXn Ipähmfnsb¶p hn[n¨ hyàn¡v Ccp]pdhpw \n¶v Hcp ]mÀesaâwKhpw \nbak`mwKhpw \S¯nb ]cmaÀi§Ä tImSXnbpsS bÈÊn\v Xnf¡ap­m¡p¶Xpw \nbahmgvNsb _es¸Sp¯p¶XpamtWm?

ChnsS \nehnepÅ tImSXne£y\nba¯nsâ ]cnanXn IqSn shfnhm¡s¸Sp¶p­v. hmZn Xs¶ hnNmcW \S¯n in£ hn[n¡p¶ coXnsb kw_Ôn¨ \nch[n hnaÀi\§Ä DbÀ¶n«p­v. PÌnkv sh¦SsNÿ I½oj³ \nÀt±in¨X\pkcn¨v tImSXnbe£y tIkpIfn tImSXns¡Xncmb hnaÀi\¯n kXykÔamb Hcp ]cmaÀiw \oXoIcWambn ]cnKWn¡Wsa¶v A\ptOZw 19 (2) se t`ZKXn hgn AwKoIcn¡s¸«p. At¸mgpw hmZn Xs¶ hn[n ]dbp¶ ]cnanXn \ne\n¡p¶p. \oXn\ymb\S]Sn{Ia§Ä¡v tIheamb Hu]NmcnIXbà Ae¦mcamhp¶Xv. A`n{]mbmhnjv¡mc kzmX{´§Ä Dd¸phcp¯p¶ `cWLS\bpsS BXvamhv \ngen¡p¶XmhWw.

P\m[n]Xy kzmX{´ys¯bpw ]ucmhImi§sfbpw BtKmf h¡cW Ime¯nte¡v ]cn`mjs¸Sp¯phm³ tImSXnIÄ X¿mdmIp¶pt­m?  Cu ]Ým¯e¯n Gjy³ Uhe]vsaâv _m¦v t\XrXz¯n C´ybnse sslt¡mSXn PUvPnamÀ¡v e`yamIp¶ ]cnioe\w {]tXyI ]T\w AÀln¡p¶p. km¼¯nI BtKmfh¡cWw am{Xaà km{amPyXz hncp² BtKmfh¡cWhpw km[yamsW¶ hkvXpX temIw C¶dnbp¶p. hmÄkv{Soänepw ]e cmPy§fnepw ]Scp¶ {]t£m`§fpw \ÂIp¶ ktµi§Ä hmbn¡m\mhWw. tIhew km¼¯nI t\«§Ä¡v th­n am{Xaà adn¨v \oXnbpw ]ucmhImi§fpw l\n¡s¸Sp¶psh¶XpIqSnbmWvv B {]t£m`§fpsS ASnØm\w.

P\m[n]Xy hyhØbn \nbahmgvN F¶Xv tIhew {Iakam[m\ ]me\w am{Xaà ]ucmhImi§fpw, \nba\nÀ½mW thfbn \nba§Ä¡p ]ndhn \ÂInb ImcW§fpw Im¡pt¼mgmWv bYmÀ° \nbahmgvN km[yamIp¶Xv. adp`mK¯psamcp hmZaps­¶ P\m[n]Xyt_m[w hnkvacn¡s¸Sm³ ]mSpÅXÃ. ]uckzmX{´yw A\p`hn¡m\mIp¶psh¶v t_m[ys¸Spt¼mgmWv P\m[n]Xyw kmÀ°IamIp¶Xv. IpähmfnbmsW¶ A\pam\¯neqsS Bcw`n¡p¶ GXv hnNmcWbpw \nbahmgvNsb ]n´pW¡p¶Xà Xs¶.